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Original Article
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| Vitamin D and β-glucan supplementation affects levels of leptin, apolipoproteins and general nutrition state in patients with diabetic retinopathy | ||||||
| Josef Richter1, Martina Závorková2, Vaclav Vetvicka3, Ivana Liehneová1, Vlastimil Král1, Ivana Stiborova1 | ||||||
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1Zdravotní ústav se sídlem v Ústínad Labem, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic 2Oční klinika UJEP Masarykovanemocnice, Krajskázdravotní, a.s., Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic 3University of Louisville, Department of Pathology, Louisville, KY, USA | ||||||
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| Richter J, Závorková M, Vetvicka V, Liehneová I, Král V, Stiborova I. Vitamin D and β-glucan supplementation affects levels of leptin, apolipoproteins and general nutrition state in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Edorium J Pathol 2018;5:100009P03RJ2018. |
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ABSTRACT
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Aims: Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. A global pandemic increase in diabetes has led to the search for new preventative, diagnostic and curative methods. We aimed to evaluate levels of vitamin D, apolipoproteins A and B, and leptin after vitamin D/glucan supplementation. Methods: Using a collection of 52 patients with diabetic retinopathy, we evaluated levels of vitamin D, apolipoproteins A and B, and leptin, we compared this data with effects of food supplementation with vitamin D and β-glucan. We correlated our findings with a group of 20 healthy individuals. Results: There was a statistically relevant reduction of vitamin D levels in all tested groups, but more so in the diabetic group. The group supplemented with both vitamin D and β-glucan had suppressed levels of leptin, whereas supplementation with vitamin D caused an increase of leptin levels. Conclusion: Based on these findings, we conclude the importance of vitamin D and β-glucan supplementation in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Keywords: Apolipoprotein, β-glucan, Diabetes, Diabetic retinopathy, Leptin, Vitamin D |
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Ms. Tracey Bender for her editorial help. |
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Author Contributions
Josef Richter – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published Martina Závorková – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published Vaclav Vetvicka – Analysis and interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published Ivana Liehneová – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published Vlastimil Král – Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published Ivana Stiborova – Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article; Final approval of the version to be published |
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Guarantor of Submission
The corresponding author is the guarantor of submission. |
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Source of Support
None |
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Consent Statement
Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this study. |
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Conflict of Interest
Author declares no conflict of interest. |
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Copyright
© 2018 Josef Richter et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information. |
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